1997 Chevrolet Cavalier No-Start After Stop Fix
The code p0300 means :cylinder misfire detected (random).
begin with the easy checks first.
check base ignition timing;a timing that is retarded by 8 1/2 degrees indicate the valve timing belt has jumped one teeth.
next, check fuel pressure, low pressure can indicate a worn regulator, faulty fuel pump, you did replace fuel filter allready,or damage fuel line.
Now you can do the compression test.
start with the dry compression, if that fail then proceed with the wet compression test.
come back here with the result so we can find out what is wrong with it.
I can make the tests that were described but fail to see the relevance of anything except the fuel pressure and even that doesn't sense based on the fact that I can duplicate the problem whether the engine is cold or hot. Can you explain the reasoning behind the timing and compression test.
you said your engine runs rough.
If the rings or valves are not seated and allow compression to leak pass them. power to push the piston down is loss.In addition, the ability to compress the air/fuel mixture properly is also lost.if one cylinder has loss of compression,there will be a complain of a " MISS".
The result will be loss of power, poor fuel economy.
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Correct valve timing is importance for engine performance, and I have explained that allready.If the timing jumped only one tooth.
check also for plugged or restricted exhaust system, faulty coil,
if you fail to see the relevance,you can do what you feel if good to get your car running.
good luck

Based on that I was wondering if there is anything electircal except the fuel pump that could cause intermittent no fuel pump running when the key is turned on.
Thanks again for all the help.
If you are not familiar with the location of the powertrain control module (computer), it is in the passenger wheel well area in front of the wheel. When you find it, you need to first get a good look at the connector before touching it so you know how it is positioned. Then see if it is tight. Also get a good look at the computer itself, especially the seam around it. These were a problem for water intrusion and especially problematic in the "road salt regions".
What would be the best bet now, pursue having it tested or go for the fuel pump?
Is the dealer the only place qualified to test the PCM if it can't be ruled out yet?
It may very well be the pump, but wouldn't jump to that conclusion. You could see if power gets to the pump to verify or eliminate it. You can swap the relay with one of the same to see if it starts.
You can half-assed test the pump by rapping on the bottom of the tank while someone cranks the motor to see if it starts. That usually indicates a pump is bad.
Thanks for all the help.
Suggested Repair
Confirm the fuel pump primes when the key is turned on. Check pump power and swap the fuel-pump relay before replacing the pump. Also inspect the PCM connector and case for looseness or water intrusion. In this case, replacing the fuel pump restored normal starting.
Conversation Summary
A 1997 Chevrolet Cavalier with a 2.2L engine stalled on an incline, set a P0300 random-misfire code, then later would not restart after stopping until it sat several minutes. Wires, fuel filter, and PCV valve were replaced and the light stayed off, but the no-start continued. The owner found spark but no fuel-pump prime. Experts suggested timing, fuel pressure, compression, exhaust restriction, coil, PCM water intrusion, relay swap, and pump checks. Replacing the fuel pump resolved the problem.
