Car stalled, died and now won't start

When discussing an engine problem we need to know which engine you have. They are totally different and use different parts.

Code 16 means there's a timing discrepancy between the camshaft position sensor and crankshaft position sensor. That is usually the result of a jumped timing belt. Some engines are of the "interference" design. When the timing belt breaks or jumps enough teeth the open valves will be hit and bent by the pistons as they coast to a stop. To avoid that expensive repair the Engine Computer shuts the engine down to protect it, and sets that fault code to tell you.

The other two codes are related to emissions systems and are not related to stalling.