How to tell if BCM replacement?

Tiny
GETTUP
  • MEMBER
  • 2002 SATURN L300
  • 96,000 MILES
A few months ago the service engine soon light, the service light with the wrench icon & the security light all came on & remained on to this day. Along with that, the speedometer needle, gas gage needle & temperature gage needle were jumping all over the place & made fast clicking sounds. The odometer was tacking on 20 miles for every block I drove & soon the mileage was up in the 600 thousands. The shifter would not engage into reverse or drive when in park, but I lifted up the boot piece & manually lifted a lever that allowed me to shift it into drive or reverse. The AC went from blowing ice cold to blowing at room temperature.

After researching the problem it sounds like the BCM but at night I noticed the car did not behave this way & everything worked perfectly fine, the gages, AC & shifter, although both the service engine lights remained on. I wondered what could be different in how the car operated at night as opposed to daytime that could make the car run differently & I figured out that the one thing different was that the headlights were on at night, so when I'd start the car in the day I'd immediately turn on the headlights & sure enough, the cars functioning would be normal & my odometer went all the way down to just 2,000 miles. If I turned the headlights off while the car was running it would go right back to functioning crazy!

I figured turning on the headlights was somehow engaging the BCM & figured I had found some kind of bypass & it worked fine this way for about three months then I noticed the Airbag light come on & the ABS light (in addition to the service engine lights) but still, the gauges weren't jumping around, the AC blew cold & it shifted into reverse or drive as long as I turned on the headlights when starting the car. Then about a week ago, everything just stopped working, but now including the electric locks, the gas gauge, the speedometer and temperature gauge & all the warning lights remained on & I was back to manually engaging the shifter.

After reading tons about the BCM's in L300's, I decided to disconnect the battery cable for a couple of hours & when I reconnected it, everything worked fine again as long as I turned on the headlights, but all the warning lights remain. The car always starts & has never broke down or died but once the electric locks, speedometer & AC stopped working I want to get it fixed. Now just yesterday, it wouldnt start at all, it would crank for a bit, then start to start but then go back to just cranking. I disconnected the battery for a couple hours, reconnected it now everything works again as long as I turn the headlights on when I start the car.

I hear BCM's are costly and. Can only be programmed by the GM dealership now that Saturn is no more. My question is, Is the BCM really bad because it still works as long as the headlights are on. Could it be a fuse or just that the software needs to be upgraded as stated in the recall on the BCM's for this car (bulletin 02-C-02 & 02-C-07 why TWO recalls?)

Thank you for your help, I appreciate it :)
Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 4:41 PM

70 Replies

Tiny
KHLOW2008
  • MECHANIC
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Have you ever have the trouble codes read? This video will show you how to scan the CAN system its easier than you think.

https://youtu.be/InIlnsjOVFA

Please run down this guide and report back.
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Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 5:03 PM
Tiny
SATURNTECH9
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You need a new bcm I have replaced a ton of bcms for all different reasons on those carsOnce the mileage starts rapidly changing bad bcm I have replaced a ton of those bcms just for that reason alone. As far as only working partially with the head lights on I would say ithas to do with the part of it that failed. As far as to why it does that cant say I dont build themso cant give a good reason.I have worked on these cars for a very long time at the saturn dealer so I have seen a lot of these bcms go bad.
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Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 5:06 PM
Tiny
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Thank you both for your replies. Answer KHLow2008, yes, I have the print out from the GM Dealer this is what it says verbatim:

A C/S Cluster Inop at time, found updated bulletin online
86001 Multiple failures BCM B1000 ECU Malfunction.
Security Light On, Air Bag Light On, Service Vehicle Soon &
Check Engine Light On. P0171, P0174, P0421, P1632.
Can you decipher them for me please?

Sauturntech9,
They didn't really have an answer as to why the car functions correctly
with the lights on and said it may be fine like that for
a very long time or it can stop working tomorrow.

For some reason, it drives excellent and hate to spend money on a new BCM if
it can be fixed another way or if it stays running ok, but since it wouldnt start yesterday until I disconected the battery, I don't want to be stranded somewhere. Can you recommend a place to get a new BCM other than the dealer that is reasonably priced?

Thank you both for your help, I appreciate it :)
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Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 8:30 PM
Tiny
KHLOW2008
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The BCM is a funny component. It is sensitvie to current draw etc and headlights do affect the current draw which can cause some circuits to go haywire, if that answers your question.

If you want to spend time dwiddling on it, you can try checking for poor ground circuits, leaking capacitors inside the BCM or even bad soldered joints of the circuit board.
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Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 8:45 PM
Tiny
SATURNTECH9
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The B1000 is a commication code saying the bcm cant talk to the ecm from your symptoms bad bcm. As far as the codes P0171 and P0174 is a vacuum leak or a bad mass air flow sensor. Most of the time its a bad mass airflow sensor though. There is a bulletin for those codes. The P0421 is a egr code cant think of it off the top of my head. The P1632 sounds very familar to me also but iam no where near a computer right now maybe khlow2008 can post the definitions for us. As far as buying the bcm somewhere other then the dealer check www. Parts. Com and www. Rockauto. Com you will have to compare the prices of both places with shipping etc. Also cross the part number over to amazon from rock auto also.I have a 5 percent discount code for rock auto if you get it from there. But you will have to have the dealer put it in and program it or find a shop that can gm sps programing. The bcm is shorting out internally and they can do crazy things when that happens because they control so much. Anyone that trys to give you a reason why its doing whats it doing that is just guessing.
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Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 8:50 PM
Tiny
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Thank you KHLow, I unscrewed the glove box to get to the BCM and when I took
it out I noticed it was marked with blue dots with a felt tip marker, doesn't
that signify it's from a junk yard? & If that's the case then it's not the original bcm
and this one came from another saturn. Is it then possible that maybe all it needs is to
have the updated software installed like the recall on the bcm's state because
it incorrectly registers the mileage? (Bulletin 02-C-02 and 02-C-07 both issued in Aug 2004)

My VIN# is listed in the recall but Saturn says the car was serviced under that recall already butprobably when the original bcm was in it, now that there is another one in it could it also need the software upgrade? Because the recall states that cars that are serviced with a replacement bcm will exhibit the same behavior and will also need the software update.

Another thing I find odd is Saturn said the car was already serviced under the recall back in 2003, but the recalls didn't come out until August 2004, so how can that be?
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Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 9:00 PM
Tiny
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Thank you saturntech9
can I get that discount code from you please? That would be awesome, thank you :)

I found the P1632 code, it says theft deterent fuel disabled. My car is getting fuel so why the code?

I know someone who works at a GM dealer (thats how I got the diagnostics done but they really didnt explain much and i'm a girl so I just try to learn as much as I can on my own, hence, my reason for posting here (thank you guys for helping me) the dealer will install & program, upgrade software, etc for $100. As for the rest of the problems the codes signify having, is it worth it to fix the car? Is it gonna be expensive?
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Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 9:10 PM
Tiny
SATURNTECH9
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Can you take a pic of the marking on the bcm and post it for me to see?I have seen blue dots etc on the factory never replaced bcms. You have way more going on then incorrect mileage here the reason for the P1635 is when the security system went into tamper mode when it wont start it will set that code. From the bcm failing.
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Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 AT 10:34 PM
Tiny
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Hi saturntech9,

sorry it took so long to get back to you. I got injured and was in the hospital for quite some time. My saturn ended up being towed and I just got it back. I am still at the point where I left off, needing a BCM. I uploaded images of my BCM and I believe you are right, that the blue markings could be from the factory, never replaced BCM because if you'll notice, besides the blue paint (after closer observation, it IS paint and not a marker) on the BCM itself, it is also on the interior framework of the vehicle behind and on the side of the glove box indicating it was marked this way while IN the vehicle. If the BCM were from a junkyard, those markings wouldn't be in MY car correct? So is it safe to say that this is the factory installed, original BCM that came with the car?

Thanks again for all your help and expertise, it is greatly appreciated!
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Wednesday, February 13th, 2013 AT 2:08 AM
Tiny
SATURNTECH9
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I have seen those marks before looks like the factory marks.
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Wednesday, February 13th, 2013 AT 4:34 AM
Tiny
GETTUP
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Ok thank you! I'm glad to hear that because I have to have the correct part number when ordering the new BCM and from what I understand, you get that off the old BCM so if my BCM had come from another Saturn at a junkyard I couldn't be sure that it's the correct one or part number, so thank you for clarifying that for me :)

I was looking on ebay to find a NEW OEM BCM and I came across this listing, could you check this out real quick and tell me if this would be feasible?
They actually have a brick and mortar business in New Jersey and so I called and spoke with the guy, Theo, and he said that in these particular Saturn models, 99.99% of the time the BCM's in these cars are 100% repairable and to ship my old one to him and the day he gets it, he repairs it THAT day and ships it back on that same day as well, for a fraction of the price. They guarantee the work and it comes with a warranty as well. He said he replaces the microchip processor or something like that, to where it is blank like the new ones so they can be programmed. He does the programming if you are local and able to bring him the vehicle, otherwise I would take it to the local Chevrolet dealer where my friend works (I guess they are the substitute for the closed down Saturn dealerships, but he said it will work just as good as a new BCM, what do you think? Is that possible?

Do you think I should go that route? Or am I better off just buying a new one?

Thank you so, So, SO much for all your time and effort. I appreciate the assistance very much!

Hope you are doing well :)
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Wednesday, February 13th, 2013 AT 1:40 PM
Tiny
SATURNTECH9
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I dont know how good the repair is I found a reman one from gm for $248.00
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Thursday, February 14th, 2013 AT 4:49 AM
Tiny
GETTUP
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Ok, thank you! How is it remanufactured? Is that the same as repairing it? How reliable is a remanufactured one as opposed to a new one?

Thank you again, you are so very attentative, I greatly appreciate it :)
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Tuesday, February 19th, 2013 AT 1:04 PM
Tiny
SATURNTECH9
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Those are remanufactured by the gm I have used lots of gm manufactured parts and they worked great.I don't know about some guy repairing them in there work shop. The test and make sure the bcms are repaired and working like new.I would put one in my car the other one no.
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Wednesday, February 20th, 2013 AT 4:52 AM
Tiny
GETTUP
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Ok, I trust your judgement so im gonna go with the reman from the link you posted. Wow, I am very impressed with the response & response time I received here. This site is awesome and so are you! I will come back here and let you know how everything went after I get the bcm put in and programmed. Thanks again. I appreciate you more than you know :)
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Wednesday, February 20th, 2013 AT 7:14 AM
Tiny
SATURNTECH9
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Your welcome that's what were here for glad I could help you.
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Thursday, February 21st, 2013 AT 1:32 AM
Tiny
GETTUP
  • MEMBER
  • 11 POSTS
Hi saturntech!

Ok, I bought a refurbished BCM and took it to a Chevrolet Dealer that has taken over servicing Saturns. One thing my car was doing before I removed the old BCM was adding random miles to my cars odometer. When the BCM first started failing, it had arbitrarily added 694,000 miles to it! When I took it to the dealer to find out what was wrong with it they said it was ghe BCM & I got those error codes I listed at the beginning of yhis thread. For some reason, the odometer reset itself at the dealer and was reading zero miles but as part of their diagnostics, they spin the tires in place which could trick the car/odometer into thinking its going a distance because while this was doing this, the cars odometer began tacking on miles again & just from the cars tires spinning in place, & tacked on 2,000 miles just during THAT portion of the diagnostics.
So this was behavior the car was exhibiting pre BCM
replacement. Yet, the dealer just called me & said the odometer is STILL arbitrarily tacking on miles even after the refurbished BCM was installed. The dealer doesn't really know why its doing this or how to fix it!

Since there is what is called a Special Policy (not a recall, but similar) that announced a campagne to resolve this very issue,
i'm inclined to think it's the refurbished BCM, do you think so too? Here is the campagne info: (my VIN# does fall within range of the VINS listed in the campagne and I pointed that out to the dealer and they are aware of this special policy. But do you think they arent using the upgraded software that is
supposed to remedy this problem? Since it is still tacking on milege? What should I do now?

SPECIAL POLICY CAMPAGNE INFO:

Campaign - Inaccurate Odometer Readings/Reprogram BCM Notes 2000 - 2002 Saturn L-Series Vehicles (All Models)
# 02-C-02 - (Aug 16, 2004)

INACCURATE ODOMETER READING AFTER LOSS OF BATTERY POWER (REPROGRAM BCM)

All Saturn Retailers & Service Providers;
Saturn has decided that certain 2001 and 2002 model year L-Series vehicles were produced with Body Control Module (BCM) software that has a potential to calculate odometer values inaccurately. This can occur only after the vehicle has accumulated approximately 20,000 miles and the battery is then disconnected or power is interrupted for other reasons. In addition, certain 2000, 2001 and 2002 L-Series vehicles serviced with a replacement Body Control Module may exhibit the same condition. To prevent the possibility of this condition occurring, retailers will upgrade the BCM software. Retailers are to service all vehicles subject to this campaign at no charge to owners, regardless of mileage, age of vehicle, or ownership, from this time forward.Â

VEHICLES INVOLVED:

Only selected 2000 - 2002 mode/year L-Series Saturn vehicles within the following VIN ranges will require this campaign:2002 Model Year VIN Range (All Models) = 500037 - 5159222001 Model Year VIN Range (All Models) = 500033 - 5923012000 Model Year VIN Range (All Models) = A VIN listing of involved vehicles is shown for your reference.

There is also a 2nd recall/campaign for the same issue: (the campaign # is different than the one above) one is for the 1st set of VINS & the other one is for the 2nd set 02-C-07 AUG 04
Campaign - Reprogram BCM for Inaccurate Odometer

Since the dealer knows nothing & I know nothing, how should I address this issue?

Thank you again for your help!
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Saturday, March 9th, 2013 AT 6:51 PM
Tiny
TRISH SMITH
  • MEMBER
  • 1 POST
  • 2002 SATURN L300
  • 2WD
  • AUTOMATIC
  • 96,000 MILES
So my daughters BCM is bad. I have come to this conclusion after talking to several shops, had it looked at fifty times, hours on line. Anyway, I wanted to know, if I buy a used BCM from same year/model car: A) Could it possibly work? B) does it have to be programmed by a dealer? C) Do I have to have car towed to dealer or can I just take BCM without the car?
Everyone I talk to gives me different stories on what to do and how to do it.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
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Wednesday, September 30th, 2020 AT 3:37 PM (Merged)
Tiny
KEN L
  • MASTER CERTIFIED MECHANIC
  • 48,345 POSTS
Sometimes a used BCM work no rhyme or reason you must have the car connected to the BCM to be programmed. Here is the BCM location so you can swap it out:

Check out the diagrams (below). Let us know what happens and please upload pictures or videos of the problem.

Cheers, Ken
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Wednesday, September 30th, 2020 AT 3:37 PM (Merged)
Tiny
ASEMASTER6371
  • MECHANIC
  • 52,797 POSTS
Good afternoon.

The BCM must be programmed. It can be programmed by any shop that has the correct scan tool and can access the information on line to download.

No, it cannot be done off the car. It needs to be on the car.

As far as a used one, you have only a 50-50 chance it will work. Sometimes they will no respond to the new programming with an existing program already installed.

I attached a picture of one available from Rock Auto. Even after purchasing the module it needs to be programmed.

Roy

https://www.rockauto.com/en/catalog/saturn,2002,lw+wagon,3.0l+v6,1388505,electrical,body+control+module+(bcm),2888

Body Control Module (BCM) Programming/RPO Configuration

1. The body control module (BCM) must be programmed with the proper RPO configurations. The BCM stores the information regarding the vehicle options and if the BCM is not properly configured with the correct RPO codes, the BCM will not control all of the features properly. Ensure that the following conditions exist in order to prepare for BCM programming:

- The battery is fully charged.
- The ignition switch is in the ON position.
- The data link connector (DLC) is accessible.
- All disconnected modules and devices are reconnected before programming.

2. To setup a new BCM, use the Tech 2 in conjunction with the Saturn Service Stall System.
3. If the BCM fails to accept the program, perform the following steps:

- Inspect all BCM connections.
- Verify that the scan tool has the latest software version.

Passlock Learn Procedures

Important: If any module or device listed is replaced programming of the module must be done prior to performing the Passlock Learn procedure.

Perform the Learn Procedure if any of the following components have been replaced:

The body control module (BCM)
The ignition switch
The engine control module (BCM) (L81)
The powertrain control module (PCM) (L6I)

Important: After programming, perform the following to avoid future misdiagnosis:

1. Turn the ignition OFF for 10 seconds.
2. Connect the scan tool to the data link connector.
3. Turn the ignition ON with tbe engine OFF.
4. Use the scan tool in order to retrieve history DTCs from all modules.
5. Clear all history DTCs.
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Wednesday, September 30th, 2020 AT 3:37 PM (Merged)

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