Remember to only work on the cooling system when the engine is cool.
The coolant temperature sensor is located on the thermostat housing (see diagram below).
To test the coolant temperature sensor you will have to check the resistance between the two pin that is on the back of the sensor.
As for the resistance value it will depend on the temperature of the sensor. I have attached the chart for the resistance range for a given temperature.
Repair Safety Notice: This information is for general instructional purposes only. Vehicle repair can be dangerous. Verify all information, follow manufacturer service procedures, use proper tools and safety equipment, and consult a qualified repair shop when needed.