That's a bi-metal spring. As it heats or cools it "twists" the center dealee.
The "center dealee" is what locks fan on the shaft (when the radiator is hot the spring twists)
As it cools down, the center dealee twists the other direction and allows the fan to freewheel on the shaft.
The quick rule of thumb for checking to see if the clutch is doing right is to get the vehicle to operating temperature then stand near the fan.
After a bit you will hear the fan roar loudly (locked onto the shaft) than after a minute or so the roar will go away (now it's freewheeling) It will do this over and over as the radiator requires more airflow to cool it.
The Medic
Thursday, December 13th, 2018 AT 7:54 PM