1990 Dodge Daytona OUT OF SYNC

Some times if shift to fast lose all gears but what I put it in or somtimes just 1, 3, od will work. Hitting a bump in the road somtimes frees up and lets me use all gears. Yesterday shifty to od on the interstate made me lose all other gears. I could move shifter but all other positions were nutral with the cluch out. After ideling tell warm today I evetuly got all 5 gears back. How does cable shifting work? Do I need to lube or is it a worn out spring?