This sounds like a broken belt in one of the tires. To be as bad as you described, it will be pretty easy to find. First do a visual inspection of the tread surfaces of each tire. Be very careful if you run your hand over them as badly-broken belts usually also have ends of the steel belts sticking out too. Those really smart when they poke you. You're looking for a hump, or "tumor" growing out of the tread on one side. In extremely bad cases the tread will squirm left and right as you spin the tire.
You should also notice an oscillation in the steering wheel at low speeds, such as when driving slowly through a parking lot. Instead, if you feel the wobble in the seat, the broken belt is likely on a rear tire.
The most difficult broken belt to identify is one that develops very gradually over many months. You usually don't feel these at highway speed. They're most noticeable in the parking lot where the steering wheel moves left and right as the wheels go around. What makes these hard to find is the hump that develops happens so slowly that it wears down, making the tread look flat and even as you rotate the tire. To find these, we look at the bottoms of the grooves in the tread. That is where we'll see a couple of grooves rising and falling in different areas.
There are other things that can cause this symptom. A bent wheel will make a tire wobble and it will be felt in the steering wheel if it's on the front. Less-common would be a piece of debris caught between the wheel and the brake rotor or the rotor and the hub it's mounted on. In those cases the problem would show up right after the wheels were off for some other service.
Any type of wobble or vibration has to be caused by something that is rotating, meaning a tire, wheel, brake rotor, wheel bearing assembly, or half-shaft. In addition, we need to inspect the steering and suspension parts for looseness and wear. Those parts do not cause wobbles or vibrations, but they can allow them to occur or be worse. Very often we find the cause of the wobble along with other worn parts that allow that wobble to become more pronounced. The best approach is to have the steering and suspension systems inspected at a tire and alignment shop. The people there are experts at finding causes of noises, vibrations, pulls to one side, and bad tire wear patterns. Many shops off that inspection at no charge, and most do it at no charge if you have the repairs done there.
Also check out this article for this problem:
https://www.2carpros.com/articles/steering-wheel-shakes-when-accelerating-or-braking
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Sunday, July 18th, 2021 AT 6:31 PM