So, these are the OEM manufacturer diagrams of just the 5volt Reference circuits, you'll notice some are marked as 5vRef 1, 2, or 3, and in the first diagram it's just labelled 5v. Also in the first diagram where I put an orange slash, those sensors also use a 5volt reference, but since they are temperature sensors the 5volt feed is effected by the temperature of the sensor and that's how the PCM knows what temp they are reading, so to check these for 5 volts you would have to unplug the sensor, Thermistors (temperature sensors) are a bit more confusing to understand, so for now just concentrate on all the other sensors that use these reference voltages.
Diagram 3 with 5V3 (5volt Reference #3) is the one you want to check, almost every code that is setting, so the Crankshaft/ camshaft position correlation code P0017, Throttle body position (TPS) P0121 P0221, Throttle Actuator P2101, the P2138 I am almost positive that is an APP code (Accelerator Pedal Position sensor) I had one of those just a couple days ago and the rest of these except for the Catalytic Converter codes, can all be caused by something effecting the 5volt reference feed to these sensors, even though they are listed as 1,2 ,3 etc., they can be shared internally in some cases inside the PCM.
Now a shorted-out sensor (so anyone of these sensors) can pull down or affect the 5v feed. So, it's best to back probe one of the sensors setting a code and monitor the 5volts, if it is low or reading 0volts, start unplugging sensors until it comes back up to 5-volts.
Since the easiest to get to is the throttle body in most cases, (4th diagram) using a T pin or back probing pin, on the Grey wire at the throttle body is the 5vRef, with the key On, engine Off, red meter lead on the Grey wire and black meter lead on Battery negative. Check to see if that reference is a full 5volts. Or if you're not comfortable back probing the connector have someone check it for you, but don't let them start pulling the engine apart, all these sensors need to be checked, because these could just be a bad sensor or simple wiring issue.
https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-use-a-voltmeter
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Thursday, October 31st, 2024 AT 11:25 AM