This is most likely a torque converter issue. What is happening is when you are putting the vehicle in first gear and get it running above 10 MPH and then the other gears will work means the converter is not able to push the fluid effectively to transfer the power from the engine to the transmission.
What I would suggest is checking codes first and then check the fluid level.
https://www.2carpros.com/articles/checking-a-service-engine-soon-or-check-engine-light-on-or-flashing
https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-check-and-add-transmission-fluid
If the fluid is low, I would suggest filling it or servicing the unit and then retest the operation.
https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-service-an-automatic-transmission
However, I suspect if the converter is the issue, then even when the fluid is full it will still have this issue.
I am attaching the info below on how to replace the converter.
The way to confirm this is to monitor the turbine or input speed sensor vs the RPM. They should be about the same but if they are not then the converter is the issue.
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Tuesday, November 2nd, 2021 AT 4:21 PM